Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and enzyme activities of Thymus pectinatus and Thymus convolutus: in vitro and in silico approach

Akman T. Ç., Şimşek S., Akşit Z., Akşit H., Aydın A., Tüfekçi A. R., ...Daha Fazla

JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, cilt.104, sa.7, ss.4039-4049, 2024 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 104 Sayı: 7
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/jsfa.13286
  • Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Periodicals Index Online, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, DIALNET, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.4039-4049
  • Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to investigate the antiproliferative, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme activity

capacities and phytochemical compositions of Thymus pectinatus (TP), Thymus convolutus (TC), which are endemic to Türkiye.

Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in the extracts was conducted using liquid chromatography–tandem mass

spectrometry, targeting 53 phenolic compounds.

RESULTS: Rosmarinic acid, quinic acid, and cynaroside were identified as the major compounds, exhibiting quantitative variation in

both extracts. The extracts had a high total phenolic content, with 113.57 ± 0.58 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract for TP

and 130.52 ± 1.05 mg GAE/g extract for TC. Furthermore, although both extracts exhibited high total flavonoid content; the TP extract

(75.12 ± 1.65 mg quercitin equivalents (QE)/g extract) displayed a higher flavonoid content than the TC extract (30.24 ± 0.74 mg QE/g

extract) did. The extracts had a promising antiproliferative effect on C6, HeLa, and HT29 cancer cell lines with a less cytotoxic effect

(10.5–14.2%) against normal cells. Both extracts exhibited very potent inhibitory activity against the xanthine oxidase enzyme, with

half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of respectively 2.07 ± 0.03 ∼g mL−1 and 2.76 ± 0.06 ∼g mL−1 and moderate activity

against tyrosinase and ⊍-glucosidase. Docking simulations proved that rosmarinic acid and cynaroside, the major components of

the extracts, were the most potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase. According to antimicrobial activity results, the TC extract exhibited

moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and the TP extract had strong activity against both Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus.

CONCLUSION: These findings emphasize the beneficial effects of the two endemic Thymus species on human health and suggest

their potential use as plant-derived bioactive agents.