In vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Methanolic Extract of Onobrychis oxyodonta

Creative Commons License

Şimşek S., Varol T.

6th International Eurasian Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (EurasianSciEnTech 2025), Ankara, Türkiye, 25 - 27 Haziran 2025, ss.172, (Özet Bildiri)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.172
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Onobrychis species are widely recognized among medicinal and aromatic plants for their high phenolic content and significant antioxidant potential. Onobrychis oxyodonta, one of these species growing naturally in various regions of Turkey, was evaluated in this study in terms of its biological activity. This study aimed to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as the antioxidant and anticancer potential of the methanolic extract obtained from this plant. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were determined as 70.24 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g and 26.43 ± 0.36 mg QE/g, respectively. Antioxidant capacity was calculated using the FRAP method as 98.75 ± 0.21 μg TE/g, and DPPH radical scavenging activity was IC50: 27.39 ± 1.34 μg/mL. Anticancer activity was evaluated on A549, Calu1, and H1650 lung cancer cell lines and the Beas2B normal lung epithelial cell line. GI50 values below 10 μg/mL in all cancer lines indicate strong growth inhibitory activity. TGI values were 179.88 μg/mL (5FU: 105.40) in A549, 78.70 (5FU: 98.51) in Calu1, and 4.86 (5FU: 97.74) in H1650. Calu1 and H1650 cells showed superior inhibition compared to 5FU. LC50 values above 500 μg/mL in all cell lines indicate low general cytotoxicity. In Beas2B cells, the extract’s TGI was 454.67 μg/mL, compared to 112.19 μg/mL for 5FU, suggesting lower toxicity in normal cells. The Tumor Selectivity Index (TSI) was >2, confirming selective toxicity toward tumor cells. Membrane integrity and cytotoxicity assays showed that the extract induced higher toxicity (10.9–29.6%) than 5FU in all lines except A549, with 5FU showing 6.7–10.9% toxicity. These results suggest that Onobrychis oxyodonta extract has strong anticancer potential and may provide selective cytotoxic effects with lower toxicity in normal cells.