At the time of Sultan Abdulhamid II, important economic and industrial developments were observed. We will try to show these developments using the example of the province of Adana. Educational institutions have been established to train qualified personnel in these fields. In particular, a lot of work has been done during the development of industrial plants. In Çukurova, prospective activities have been carried out with regard to the quality and abundant production of cotton. The production of sugar cane and sugar beet has increased. Meanwhile, the creation of a sugar factory in Adana was on the agenda. Efforts have been made to make Adana cotton competitive in the market. The pilot fields have been opened and the seed has been improved. In order to obtain high yields from agriculture and to encourage the people of the region to a conscious agriculture, exemplary cultivated lands have been built according to modern methods and principles. Çukurova Çiftlik-i Hümayun (Çukurova Imperial Farm) was established to evaluate agricultural land. Due to the fact that the Adana region is an agricultural region, agricultural mechanization has rapidly increased and many factories have been established in the region. People with licensees who would use agriculture and factory machinery were needed. In order to train those who will use these machines, it was necessary to build an industrial school in the city. To this end, Adana Mekteb-i Sanayi (Industrial School of Adana) was opened. As Adana became one of the main industrial cities of Anatolia, Mekteb-i Sanayi (Adana Industrial School) played an important role. In Adana were founded factories for the processing of products from industrial crops. In particular, significant developments have been experienced in the weaving industry. The factories established in Adana were financed by the government. These incentives gave an example for later periods. These developments in Adana have been an important experience for Republican Turkey. Keyword: Çukurova, Factory, Cotton, Industrial School of Adana, İndustry.