Evaluation of Fatty Acid Profiles and Lipid Quality Indices in Hulled Wheat (Triticum monococcum and T. dicoccum) Genotypes from Türkiye

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Alkan F. R., Çetiner B., Akşit H., Şimşek S.

NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA, cilt.54, sa.3, ss.15167, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 54 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.15835/nbha54315167
  • Dergi Adı: NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), East & Central Europe Database (ProQuest), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), CAB Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.15167
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study aimed to determine the grain fatty acid composition and nutritional lipid quality indices of 17 hulled wheat genotypes (Triticum monococcum and Triticum dicoccum) collected from different regions of Türkiye. Oils extracted from wheat grains were converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) via transesterification and analysed using gas chromatography (GC-FID). Results revealed that unsaturated fatty acids-particularly linoleic and oleic acids-predominated in all genotypes, while saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid were present in lower proportions. Total saturated fatty acids (∑SFA) ranged between 14.20% and 18.53%, whereas total unsaturated fatty acids (∑UFA) varied from 79.42% to 83.79%. Monounsaturated fatty acids (∑MUFA) were detected in the range of 24.60% to 32.13%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑PUFA) were found to be between 50.59% and 55.83%. These findings highlight a highly favourable lipid profile, particularly in certain genotypes. In addition, nutritional quality indices, including atherogenic index (AI), thrombogenic index (TI), hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H), PUFA/SFA, and n-6/n-3 ratios, differed among genotypes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis further demonstrated the underlying genetic diversity in fatty acid profiles. These results suggest that certain genotypes with superior lipid composition may serve as valuable genetic resources in wheat breeding programs or in the development of functional food products.